Chemistry 2

Intro to Lewis Dot Notation

  1. Valence electrons are those electrons that are in the highest principle energy level. It is these electrons that primarily interact with other atoms.
    1. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons: 1s22s22p4
    2. Sodium has 1 valence electron: 1s22s22p63s1
    3. Bromine has 7 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p5
    4. Xenon has 8 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p6
    5. Pick two elements from any column and determine how many valence electrons those atoms have. You should notice a particular pattern.
  2. Bonds form when valence electrons are shared or transferred from one atom to another, so our focus will mainly be on these highest energy electrons.
  3. Lewis Dot diagrams are a graphical way of showing how many valence electrons an atom has. Below are some examples of electron configurations and the Lewis Dot diagram for each of those atoms.
    1. Sodium has 1 valence electron: 1s22s22p63s1 with the Lewis Dot Diagram ->
    2. Beryllium has 2 valence electrons: 1s22s2 -->
    3. Aluminum has 3 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p1 -->
    4. Germanium has 4 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p2 -->
    5. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p3 -->
    6. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons: 1s22s22p4 -->
    7. Bromine has 7 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p5 -->
    8. Xenon has 8 valence electrons: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p6 -->